縫紉就是把衣(yi)片縫合成服裝的工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。可分為手(shou)縫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、機縫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、特殊(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)等(deng)。

　　手縫工藝

　　采(cai)用手(shou)(shou)針(zhen)進(jin)行縫制的工(gong)藝(yi)。是中國的傳統手(shou)(shou)工(gong)技藝(yi)。很多針(zhen)法(fa)(fa)及其作用尚(shang)不能用現代縫紉機替代。具有線(xian)跡精細(xi)、平整，針(zhen)法(fa)(fa)豐富(fu)等特點，被譽為高檔工(gong)藝(yi)。　手(shou)(shou)縫工(gong)藝(yi)的主要工(gong)具是手(shou)(shou)縫針(zhen)和頂針(zhen)箍。絲綢等纖維較細(xi)的織物宜(yi)用7～9號(hao)(hao)針(zhen);鎖眼釘紐宜(yi)用4～5號(hao)(hao)針(zhen)，一般毛料則用粗細(xi)適中的6～8號(hao)(hao)針(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機進行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。具有針跡(ji)整(zheng)齊、工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)高等(deng)優點。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有以下(xia)幾種(zhong)。①合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)暗(an)(an)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)或(huo)袋蓋、衣(yi)(yi)領、袖頭(tou)等(deng)三邊(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)翻轉部件。②包(bao)(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)邊(bian)包(bao)(bao)住另(ling)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)邊(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)，再作(zuo)第(di)二或(huo)第(di)三次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。有明(ming)包(bao)(bao)，暗(an)(an)包(bao)(bao)之別。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)。③咬縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由(you)上(shang)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)咬住中(zhong)間(jian)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)，正面緝(ji)(ji)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭(tou)、腰(yao)頭(tou)等(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(不疊起)，在(zai)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)，使兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)布互(hu)相牽牢(lao)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)高檔服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)和(he)收(shou)顙。⑤平接(jie)(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)，互(hu)為(wei)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)部件等(deng)。⑥平疊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)重疊，居中(zhong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)和(he)收(shou)顙等(deng)。⑦來去(qu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)，先沿(yan)毛口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)正面緝(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在(zai)反(fan)面緝(ji)(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)。⑧分(fen)(fen)(fen)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)，兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)不易折轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)料(如皮革)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等(deng)。⑨坐緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)傾倒，正面作(zuo)第(di)二次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)固(gu)定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分(fen)(fen)(fen)坐緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)先合(he)(he)緝(ji)(ji)，將(jiang)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)，在(zai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)緝(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)布服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后(hou)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)。壓(ya)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶(men)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)折光(guang)，覆(fu)蓋下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)，一(yi)(yi)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)成型。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)前(qian)后(hou)過肩(jian)或(huo)呈圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)部件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)(jie)。漏落縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明(ming)緝(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)漏落于(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽內或(huo)緊挨(ai)坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)沿(yan)，既(ji)能(neng)使線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)暗(an)(an)藏，又能(neng)固(gu)定下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腰(yao)頭(tou)、里(li)襟等(deng)。卷(juan)(juan)邊(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)卷(juan)(juan)邊(bian)壓(ya)腳或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)手指將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)毛口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)卷(juan)(juan)光(guang)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)或(huo)衣(yi)(yi)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)邊(bian)。倒回針：在(zai)原線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)上(shang)往(wang)返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始末(mo)加(jia)固(gu)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻(pan)等(deng)。

　　現代服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加工的主要(yao)機縫(feng)設(she)備，除高速(su)平縫(feng)縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(簡稱平縫(feng)機)外，還有(you)多針多線(xian)包(bao)縫(feng)縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(簡稱包(bao)縫(feng)機)以及取代手工的開袋(dai)、鎖眼、釘(ding)扣(kou)、扎駁、復襯(衣(yi)面與衣(yi)襯組合(he))、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袖、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)褲腰(yao)、打(da)褶等各種專(zhuan)用(yong)單機，并有(you)多功能自動(dong)調速(su)固體電(dian)路電(dian)子縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機問世。20世紀80年代，較先(xian)進的機縫(feng)設(she)備是自動(dong)縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)系統(tong)，采(cai)用(yong)工業攝像機和電(dian)子計算機監控，能自動(dong)識別裁片的樣(yang)式，傳送并進行自動(dong)分類控制。